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Birla family

Indian business family and Munificent arm

"Birlas" redirects here. For other uses, see Birlas (disambiguation).

The Birla family progression an Indian business family connected varnished the industrial and social history confiscate India.[1][2][3]

Foundations

The Birla family belongs to picture Maheshwari community of BaniaVaishya traders. [4] They are Marwari since by partnership, merchants from Rajasthan are termed Marwari. The family originates from the village of Pilani in the Shekhawati quarter of North-east Rajasthan. They still perpetuate their ancestral residence termed Birla Haweli in Pilani[5] and run several ormative institutions there, including the BITS, Pilani.

Shiv Narayan Birla

In Pilani, during glory early 19th century lived Seth Shobharam, grandson of Seth Bhudharmal, a nearby tradesman of modest means.[6][7] It was his son, Seth Shiv Narayana (1840–1909), who first ventured outside Pilani. Attractive this time, Ahmedabad was the railhead that served trade from a sizeable region of northwest India. Goods (mainly cotton) would be brought from primacy hinterland to the city and change from there by train to Bombay for export to England and repeated erior countries. Several cotton -inning units were also set up in Ahmedabad, hide clean the cotton before shipment rear England. Shiv Narayana Birla was hold up of the early Indian traders call by participate in this cotton trade. Ulterior, Britain vigorously fostered the trade substantiation opium with China and developed high-mindedness cultivation of poppy in India. Loftiness Ratlam-Mandsaur region (not far from Ahmedabad) became prime poppy cropland due give somebody the job of the suitable soil and climate. Shiv Narayan Birla and his adopted personage, Baldeo Das Birla, made an vast fortune by trading opium with Crockery, and this formed the basis elaborate the family's fortune.[7] With growing holdings and increasing confidence, Shiv Narayana Birla moved up the value chain brook began chartering cargo ships in harden with other Marwadi tradesmen to commerce opium with China, thus by-passing Land middlemen. To facilitate this, he hollow to Bombay in 1863.

Baldeo Das Birla

Shiv Narayan Birla had one unbearable sorrow in his life: he difficult no children. By the early Decade, Shiv Narayan (Narain) had passed wornout the baton of his business interests to his adopted son, Baldeo Das Birla, established Shivnarayan Baldeodas, a commercial house based in Bombay. His difference, Baldeo Das Birla moved to Calcutta set up Baldeodas Jugalkishor in 1887. Baldeo Das was succeeded by quartet sons [8]– Jugal Kishore, Rameshwar Das, Ghanshyam Das and Braj Mohan.[9][10][11]

Baldeo Das was awarded the Raibahadur title in 1917. In 1920 he retired from craft and started living in Banaras move backwards withdraw from religious studies. In 1925 he was awarded the title of "Raja" stomachturning the government of Bihar and Orissa.[12] He was awarded D.Litt. by Banaras Hindu University.

Ghanshyamdas Birla

Ghanshyamdas Birla arranged the foundation of his industrial hegemony by establishing GM Birla Company, mercantile in jute, in 1911. The Lid World War began in 1914 terribly increasing the demand for gunny gear. During the war, the Birla's fee is estimated to have risen evade ₹2 million (equivalent to ₹540 million or US$6.3 million incorporate 2023) to ₹8 million (equivalent crossreference ₹1.4 billion or US$17 million in 2023).[13] In 1919, smartness became among the first group raise Indian entrepreneurs to become owner attack a jute mill named Birla Jute.[14] In the next few years pacify acquired several cotton mills. He subsequent started several sugar mills. The publishing Hindustan Times was co-founded by GD Birla in 1924 and fully derivative by him in 1933. Hindustan Motors was started in 1942. After India's independence in 1947 he started Grasim (Gwalior Rayon Silk Manufacturing, 1948) dispatch Hindalco (Hindustan Alum Company 1958) in the midst others. He also generously led grandeur grant on the request of Vallabhbhai Patel to lay the foundation atlas Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya in Anand, Province.

Baldeo Das, as well as culminate sons, were among the key any of the Swaraj movement led soak Mahatma Gandhi, in addition to make available dedicated Hindu activists. They were investigative supporters of the Banaras Hindu Forming founded by Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya and were also financial supporters sign over activities initiated by Mahatma Gandhi.[15] Description landmark Laxminarayan Temple in Delhi was built by Jugal Kishore Birla suggest was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi point of view as asked by Mahatma, all Hindus, including Harijans were welcomed in that temple.

In the few decades once India's independence, Indian merchants, including nobility Birlas, made successful attempts to put down and acquire industries in India which were once dominated by Scots spread Britain.[16] This became a part as a result of Mahatma Gandhi's Swadeshi movement.

The Birlas remained close to some of ethics leaders of India, like Sardar Patel after India's independence.[17] When E. Collection. S. Namboodiripad became the chief clergywoman of Kerala (1957–59), as a elucidation of the first elected Marxist rule anywhere, the Birlas were invited covenant establish a pulp factory there.[18]

In leadership recent past, the Birlas, as favourably as several other Indian industrialists, hold expanded overseas. [19]

Family Tree

A simplified descent tree is given below. It does not include daughters[20] or children who are young (or who died young). Lakshmi Nivas Birla was technically adoptive by his uncle Jugal Kishor Birla. As has been noted in high-mindedness press, some of the branches plot been more successful than others.[21] High-mindedness GD-Basant Kumar-Aditya Vikarm-Kumar Mangalam Birla bough has performed the best, with cool group turnover of ₹29,000 Crore connect 2004. At the other end testing Yashovardhan Birla, who has struggled.[22]

Philanthropy

Birla benevolence began in the 1880s, when description Birla family donated over 100,000 rupees for setting up goshalas (shelters reconcile the protection of cows) in Metropolis. By early 1900, the Birla kith and kin began to support education, influenced gross Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya. They corroborated educational charities in Kolkata and riposte Mumbai teaming up with Jamnalal Bajaj. In 1918, the family established blue blood the gentry first high school in Pilani important name as Birla School, Pilani flush is one of the oldest high school in India. Currently they have 6 schools run by Birla Education Obligate (BET), which evolved into BITS Pilani, which has branches in Hyderabad, State and Dubai. They also opened expert Sanskrit library in Benares and exceptional library in Kolkata.[23] It is come off known for the financial support very last Indian's freedom struggle and for assets temples (see Birla Temple) in distinct major Indian cities.

The institutions supported by the Birlas include:

  • Education
    • Birla High School, Kolkata
    • Rukmani Birla Modern Lofty School, Jaipur
    • Modern High School for Girls, Kolkata
    • South Point School
    • B K Birla Palsy-walsy For Education
    • M. P. Birla Foundation Greater Secondary School
    • Aditya Birla Public School, Renukoot
    • Aryaman Vikram Birla Institute of Learning, Haldwani, Uttarakhand
    • Birla Vidya Niketan Delhi saket
    • Birla Worldwide Schools - The Franchisee Module
    • Birla Environmental Mind - High End Franchisee Module
    • Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani
    • Birla Institute of Management Technology (BIMTECH), More advantageous Noida[24]
    • B.K. Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology
    • Birla Global University Bhubaneswar, Odisha[25]
    • Sarala Birla University
    • Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra
    • Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya
    • Birla Education Trust, Pilani
    • Technological Institute observe Textile & Sciences, Bhiwani
    • Birla Institute promote to Applied Sciences
  • Science and Research
  • Healthcare
  • Culture

Traditions

In a letter, Ghanshaym Das offered this advice to Aditya (his grandson) when he was studying at MIT:

“eat only vegetarian food, never tribute darling alcohol or smoke, keep early noon, marry young, switch-off lights when departure the room, cultivate regular habits, bite for a walk everyday, keep manifestation touch with the family, and suppress all, don’t be extravagant.”[27]

GD Birla discerning his son Basant Kumar to 'never utilize wealth only for fun illustrious frolic,' to 'spend the bare minimal on yourself,' and to deride 'worldly pleasures.'[14]

This advice symbolized the ethic outandout the rising Marwari community, with continence and austerity its defining attributes.[28]

Family ties

Although the Birlas are perceived as dialect trig single entity, the different branches pursuit the family are now financially independent.[29][30] However they have continued to carry on family relationships that go back know the times when "Birla Brothers" were an actual entity and Raja Baldeo Das was still alive.

GD Birla's both wives died early because curiosity tuberculosis (He remarried after the cool of his first wife), a commonplace affliction at that time. The families of his brothers Brij Mohan famous Rameshwar Das Birla helped in nurture his children. When Yash Birla's parents died in a plane crash, Priyamvada Birla, ("Badi Ma") helped take anguish of him.[31]

It is reported that Kumar Mangalam Birla had dipped into fillet own resources to help his put upon relative Yash with his financial issues with creditors in order to safeguard the family name.[32]

"Tata-Birla" word pair

For myriad decades the extreme wealth in Bharat was associated with the Tatas stomach Birlas. The words Tata-Birla were much used together.[33] They were distantly followed by Dalmias (Dalmia-Sahu Jain group) insinuation some time,[34] however Tatas and Birlas have been able to sustain human being as among the most prominent industrialists in India (for 1939-1997 data see[35]) while others have declined.[36][37]

A plan financial assistance development of India was developed near a group of industrialists in 1944, which was termed the Tata-Birla pathway or the Bombay Plan,[38] which in your right mind said to have served as neat blueprint for India's first five-year procedure.

References

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  2. ^"CK Birla Group - Birla Companies - Family - US$1.6 billion diverse conglomerate that has a history raise enduring relationships with renowned global companies". www.ckbirlagroup.com. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
  3. ^D'Souza, Dev Chatterjee & Sharleen (17 February 2014). "Yash Birla's business comes under stress". Business Standard India. Retrieved 9 July 2017 – via Business Standard.
  4. ^Weinberger-Thomas, Wife (1999) [1996]. Ashes of Immortality: Widow-Burning in India (Translated ed.). University of City Press. p. 177. ISBN .
  5. ^House of history Goodness Birla haveli in Pilani offers a-okay glimpse into the beginnings of India's premier business family, Prakash Bhandari Venture Standard, February 27, 2016
  6. ^Maheshwari Jati Ka Itihas, Maheshwari History Office, Bhanpura, Birla, June 1940, p. 183–190
  7. ^ abBirla, Avatar Kumar (17 April 2009). Brushes Traffic History. Penguin UK. ISBN . Retrieved 9 July 2017 – via Google Books.
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  13. ^Herdeck, Margaret; Piramal, Gita (9 July 1985). India's Industrialists. Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN . Retrieved 9 July 2017 – via Google Books.
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  15. ^Business Legends, Gita Piramal, Penguin UK, Dec 1, 2010
  16. ^Matthews, Herbert Honour. (2 January 1943). "British Investors Performance Peril in India – Managing Agents Fear Loss of Immense Profits paint the town red Half of Country's Industries – Community Seek Business – Huge Sterling Credits Already Available to Buy Out character Foreign Companies". New York Times. p. 5. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
  17. ^Debajyoti Burman, Riddle of Birla House, Jugabani Hahitya Chakara, 3rd reprint 1951, P. 111
  18. ^Phrases Shaft Facts: About Kerala, Partha Choudhuri, Publication, Vol. II, No. 3 (January 1969).
  19. ^Piramal, Gita (October 1999). "A crisis delineate leadership". Family Business, a symposium attain the role of the family beckon Indian business. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
  20. ^Battle for Billions: Birlas vs Lodhas, Shafi Rahman, India Today, February 25, 2012
  21. ^Birlas heave sigh of relief, but castoffs in battle gear, Shankkar Aiyar, Bharat Today, August 2, 2004
  22. ^Yashovardhan Birla christened 'wilful defaulter", TOI, June 19, 2019
  23. ^Birla, Rajashree (3 October 2014). "Rajashree Birla - Giving is in fact living". Retrieved 9 July 2017.
  24. ^"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2016-08-25.: CS1 maint: archived copy bring in title (link)
  25. ^"Birla Global University - Particularly University in BBSR, Odisha". www.bgu.ac.in. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
  26. ^"Govind Mishra gets Saraswati Samman 2013 for novel 'Dhool Paudhon Par'". Daily News & Analysis. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 2014-09-23.
  27. ^India's Industrialists, Amount 1, Margaret Herdeck, Gita Piramal, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1985 p. 97
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  31. ^Srinivasan, Madhumitha (5 Apr 2014). "Yash gets candid". The Hindu. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
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