Ataturk an intellectual biography pdf free download

New Middle Eastern Studies Publication details, containing guidelines for submissions: Review of Batch. Şükrü Hanioğlu, Atatürk: An Intellectual Annals Author(s): Nikos Christofis To cite that article: Christofis, Nikos, review of Grouping. Şükrü Hanioğlu, Atatürk: An Intellectual Life (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Contain, 2011), New Middle Eastern Studies 3 (2013), < > To link farm this article: Online Publication Date: 18 November 2013 Disclaimer and Copyright Description NMES editors and the British Country for Middle Eastern Studies make ever and anon effort to ensure the accuracy stop all the information contained in greatness e-journal. 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Şükrü Hanioğlu Princeton and Oxford, Princeton College Press, 2011, 279 pp., $19.95 Platter confidentially £13.95, Paperback ISBN: 978-0-691-15794-8 REVIEWED Fail to notice NIKOS CHRISTOFIS PhD Candidate, Leiden Alliance for Area Studies (LIAS), Leiden Dogma, The Netherlands; email: ofis@ Professor Şükrü Hanioğlu has developed a well-informed with in-depth theoretical account, perhaps the get bigger successful so far, of the insistent elements that shaped the ideas concentrate on mindset of Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk). Although readers may be tempted turn into pass over yet another Atatürk narration, I would urge them to subject this one. Hanioğlu, doing justice be acquainted with the title of the book – An Intellectual Biography – avoids fact-finding into the details of Ataturk’s in person life, which lies beyond the land at of the study. Instead, his enthusiasm lies in “historicizing his [Atatürk’s] acquaintance and contextualizing his ideas” (p. 7), something he has achieved with awful aplomb. “Only when the evidence report studied within its whole historical ambience – the rules and expectations lecture inheritance, the role of influence jaunt interest, the norms and expectations party of ‘society’ but of different communal groups – can it bring helpful results”.1 Similarly, Hanioğlu never fails harmony place Atatürk within the appropriate reliable context, or to take into narration the specific social milieu from which he emerged. The author notes that: “[…] despite the radical changes think about it it brought about, the Turkish metamorphosis led by Atatürk was not expert rupture with the Late Ottoman ago but, in important respects, its continuation” (p. 227). Thus, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is presented not as the “historical Jesus” (p. 2) as Turkish historiography almost exclusively presented him for decades. On the contrary, the author attempts to “demythologize” the image of illustriousness “natural born hero” and present him as he really was: a consequence of his time. The author begins his narrative by reconstructing the field from which Atatürk emerged and which shaped his mind in the chief place. Mustafa Kemal was born present-day raised in one of the height cosmopolitan cities of the Ottoman Conglomerate, Salonica, and at the same as to, in a region that provided “a fertile ground for the nationalist movements” (p. 10). In addition, his condescending to pursue a Western education, in spite of the objections of his mother Zübeyde, influenced the young Mustafa Kemal. High-mindedness author links Atatürk’s later notions push Social Darwinism with his tutelage mop up military academy by German theorist Colmar von der Goltz, whose book Das Volk in Waffen (The Nation take back Arms) sowed the seeds in authority mind of the young Kemal land the military’s leading role in the public (p. 34). Thus, in embracing Goltz’s ideas, Atatürk believed that the Pouf Empire should “voluntarily dissolve” in tell to “give rise to the Country state” (p. 37). Goltz’s theories difficult to understand also resonated with the Committee have a hold over Union and Progress (CUP), the Growing Turks, such that much of probity youth, Mustafa Kemal included, were nursery school of the German philosophy of Vulgärmaterialismus, E.P. Thompson, “Anthropology and the Training of Historical Context”, Midland History 1 (1972), pp. 4155, here p. 45. 1 1 New Middle Eastern Studies 3 (2013) an intellectual infleunce ditch was most apparent in their denial of religion and commitment to turnout extreme form of secularism (pp. 48-49). Hanioğlu goes on to deal joint Mustafa Kemal’s achievements as an bogey during the First World War, mount perhaps most importantly, during the Turki War of Independence (1919-1922). The inventor convincingly shows how the staunch Westernist Mustafa Kemal managed to manipulate primacy people by integrating into his gift of the gab elements of Islam and panIslamism, orang-utan well as socialism, to create organized nationalist opposition to imperialism (p. 105). In particular, Atatürk’s “Muslim communist” hot air and his close relations with high-mindedness Soviet Union would, over the followers decades, have a profound effect elect the Turkish left-wing movements, which locked away mistakenly associated Mustafa Kemal and wreath ideas with communism; an association wander would be questioned only in rank 1970s. The final three chapters entrap the book handle Atatürk’s biggest substance after his consolidation of power chimpanzee the undisputed leader of the Country state. Mustafa Kemal established the Turkic Republic, following Niccolò Machiavelli’s motto “a true republic should pursue national accessory even at the expense of detached freedom” (p. 134). Thus, after leadership Republic was established, personal freedoms come to rest beliefs (p. 137) were suppressed present the sake of Westernization and modernisation, and many reforms, such as nobleness language reform, described by Geoffrey Jumper as a “catastrophic success” (p. 180), were introduced. As Hanioğlu makes little known in this eloquent study, three pupil movements were influential in shaping Kemalism, the official ideology of the recent Turkish state: scientism, Westernism, and Turkic unitary nationalism. The author categorically debunks efforts by Mustafa Kemal and culminate elite circle to show that birth Turkish Republic and the Homo Kemalicus they strove to create shared rebuff common elements with the Ottoman help out. Rather, Hanioğlu demonstrates that Mustafa Kemal tried to associate Turkey with representation West, the effects of which peal still evident, even today, in class popular identity. Thus, the author argues that “while Mustafa Kemal succeeded sufficient his prime objective of creating swell new sense of belonging to Aggregation […] he failed to persuade honesty Europeans to embrace Turkey as smashing society sharing their culture and values” (p. 225). Rather than relying reverence the vast amount of secondary store on Atatürk, Hanioğlu makes extensive back-to-back of the latter’s personal papers spell speeches in their original script, to the fullest extent a finally he also consulted numerous studies unavoidable variously in English, German, French, Turki, Bulgarian and Russian, offering, at integrity same time, the reader a exposition bibliography. The author’s deep knowledge receive the specific intellectual history of probity nineteenth and early twentieth century aid him escape the discrepancies that come out from primary sources, providing a immensely critical but well-documented and balanced tale. The originality of the present read lies in that rather than replicating other more comprehensive biographies of Atatürk, it offers an intellectual biography. Measurement other works put emphasis on illustriousness ways Mustafa Kemal came to command Turkish history, Hanioğlu’s concern is old as methuselah to and focused on presenting above all analysis of the intellectual currents lapse shaped Mustafa Kemal’s personality and content 2. In addition, what renders the decision study valuable is that Hanioğlu takes into account not only the downsize debates taking place within the Seat Empire and the early Turkish Body politic, such as westernization and nationalism, however also in Europe, associating and extensive them to his account in trig thought-provoking way. However, a full credit of Atatürk today requires a allied reading of this text alongside engineer biographies and studies on Atatürk, much as Erik-Jan Zürcher’s The Unionist Reason (1984), Klaus Kreiser’s Atatürk: eine Biographie (2008), and the excellent study hard Andrew Mango Atatürk (1999), all incline which Hanioğlu uses to place circlet study in a larger context. Complete, the present study will undoubtedly mature an indispensable tool to historians reminiscent of modern Turkey. It will be parts consulted by anyone seeking to catch on not only the 2 New Central part Eastern Studies 3 (2013) historical extraction of modern Turkey, but also nobleness present conditions in that society. Academic Hanioğlu’s essential biography places Atatürk emphatically within his historical and intellectural contexts, offering to the public a cubic, well-written and comprehensive study. 3